# 13. Confirmatory Tetrad Analysis

## Purpose

Does the four-item Innovation Capability block show the tetrad pattern expected for its measurement specification?

## Practice study

- File: [innovation-tetrad.csv](../samples/innovation-tetrad.csv)
- Prepared project: [innovation-cta-pls.qpls](../projects/innovation-cta-pls.qpls)
- Observations: 320
- Data type: deterministic synthetic instructional data
- Complexity: a realistic multi-construct model with multi-item measurement blocks

## Exact procedure

1. Start QuickPLS and choose **Open Project**. Select [innovation-cta-pls.qpls](../projects/innovation-cta-pls.qpls). This prepared teaching project contains the exact dataset, analysis-ready tetrad model, bindings, and a saved layout verified with the installed 2.62.8 CTA-PLS route.

2. Open **Data** and confirm **innovation-tetrad.csv** contains 320 observations. Return to **Model**. The linked CSV remains available separately for inspection and re-import practice.

   ![Confirmatory Tetrad Analysis sample data](../screenshots/confirmatory-tetrad-analysis/01-data-ready.png)

3. Confirm that the prepared model contains these constructs and measurement blocks: Innovation Capability as one formative block using capability_scanning, capability_experimentation, capability_partnering, and capability_learning; Innovation and Performance as reflective constructs using their matching indicators.

   Confirm these saved structural paths: Innovation Capability → Innovation; Innovation Capability → Performance; Innovation → Performance.

4. The prepared project already contains a saved, neatly arranged model layout. Do not choose **Arrange** or otherwise change the canvas before this tutorial calculation. If you later edit the model, arrange it once and save the edited project before calculating.

   ![Confirmatory Tetrad Analysis prepared model or variable roles](../screenshots/confirmatory-tetrad-analysis/02-arranged-model.png)

5. Choose **Validate** and confirm there are no blockers. Do not save the unchanged prepared project; save only after you intentionally edit it.

6. Use **Calculate → Confirmatory Tetrad Analysis**.

   ![Confirmatory Tetrad Analysis calculation setup](../screenshots/confirmatory-tetrad-analysis/03-calculation-setup.png)

7. Complete the method-specific settings:

- Choose Innovation Capability as the four-indicator focal block

8. Read **Readiness**, leave **Open Results when finished** selected, and choose **Start calculation** once. Wait for **Completed**; do not close the project while the result is being saved.

9. In **Results**, confirm **Confirmatory Tetrad Analysis** is selected and inspect these outputs in order:

1. Descriptive tetrads
2. Eligible-block accounting
3. Explicit availability note for inferential classification

   ![Confirmatory Tetrad Analysis primary result](../screenshots/confirmatory-tetrad-analysis/04-results-primary.png)

   ![Confirmatory Tetrad Analysis secondary result](../screenshots/confirmatory-tetrad-analysis/05-results-secondary.png)

10. Choose **Save Report** to preserve the exact result. Use **Export** for the needed table/report format. Close and reopen the project once and confirm the saved result remains selectable.

## Reading guidance

- The data are deterministic synthetic teaching data. They are suitable for reproducing the workflow, not for substantive publication claims.